Isikhokelo kumaxesha e-6 kwikhalenda yamaHindu
Ngokwekhalenda yamaHindu yenyanga, kukho amaxesha amathandathu okanye amasiko ngonyaka. Ukusukela kumaxesha eVedic, amaHindu kulo lonke elaseIndiya naseMzantsi Asiya basebenzise le khalenda ukuhlela ubomi babo ngexesha lonyaka. Abathembekileyo basayisebenzisa nanamhlanje kwiiholide ezibalulekileyo zamaHindu kunye nezihlandlo zonqulo.
Ixesha ngalinye lonyaka lithatha iinyanga ezimbini kunye nemibhiyozo kunye neziganeko ezizodwa ezenzeka kuzo zonke. Ngokwezibhalo zamaHindu, amaxesha amathandathu ngala:
Vasant Ritu: intwasahlobo
IGrishma Ritu: ehlotyeni
IVarsha Ritu: monsoon
ISharad Ritu: ekwindla
IHemant Ritu: ngaphambi kobusika
UShishir okanye uShita Ritu: ebusika
Ngelixa imo yezulu esemantla eIndiya ingqinelana nolu tshintsho luphawuliweyo lwamaxesha onyaka, utshintsho alubonakali kangako kumazantsi eIndiya, ekubekwe kufutshane neikhweyitha.
UVasanta Ritu: intwasahlobo
Intwasahlobo, ebizwa ngokuba yiVasant Ritu, ithathwa njengenkosi yamaxesha onyaka ngenxa yemozulu yayo emnene nethandekayo kwiindawo ezininzi zaseIndiya. Ngo-2019, uVasant Ritu waqala ngoFebruwari 18 kwaye waphela ngo-Epreli 20.
Iinyanga zamaHindu zeChaitra kunye neBaisakh ziwa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Lixesha leminye imithendeleko emikhulu yamaHindu, kubandakanya iVasant Panchami, Ugadi, Gudi Padwa, Holi, Rama Navami, Vishu, Bihu, Baisakhi, Puthandu, kunye noHanuman Jayanti.
I-equinox, ephawula ukuqala kwentwasahlobo e-Indiya nakwezinye iindawo ezisemantla, kunye nasekwindla kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi, yenzeka kumbindi weVasant. Kwinkwenkwezi yeVedic, intwasahlobo ye-equinox ibizwa ngokuba yiVasant Vishuva okanye iVasant Sampat.
IGrishma Ritu: ehlotyeni
Ihlobo, okanye iGrishma Ritu, kuxa imozulu ngokuthe ngcembe ifudumala kulo lonke elaseIndiya. Ngo-2019, uGrishma Ritu uqala ngo-Apreli 20 aze aphele ngoJuni 21.
Iinyanga ezimbini zamaHindu zaseJyeshta kunye neAashaadha ziwa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Lixesha leHindu Rath Yatra kunye neGuru Purnima imithendeleko.
UGrishma Ritu uphela kwi-solstice, eyaziwa ngeenkwenkwezi zeVedic njengeDakshinayana. Iphawula ukuqala kwehlobo eMantla eIkhweyitha kwaye lolona suku lude enyakeni eIndiya. Kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi, i-solstice ibonisa ukuqala kobusika kwaye lolona suku lufutshane enyakeni.
IVarsha Ritu: monsoon
Ixesha lesimo sezulu okanye iVarsha Ritu lixesha lonyaka xa kunetha kakhulu eIndiya. Ngo-2019, iVarsha Ritu iqala ngoJuni 21 kwaye iphele ngo-Agasti 23.
Iinyanga ezimbini zamaHindu zeShravana neBhadrapada, okanye iSawan kunye neBhado, ziyawa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Imithendeleko ephawulekayo ibandakanya uRaksha Bandhan, uKrishna Janmashtami kunye no-Onam.
Isolstice, ebizwa ngokuba yiDakshinayana, iphawula ukuqala kweVarsha Ritu kunye nokuqala ngokusesikweni kwehlobo eIndiya nakwezinye iNyakatho yeIkhweyitha. Nangona kunjalo, uMzantsi India usondele kwiikhweyitha, ke "ihlobo" lihlala ixesha elininzi enyakeni.
ISharad Ritu: ekwindla
Ekwindla kuthiwa yiSharad Ritu, xa ubushushu buyehla ngokuthe ngcembe kuninzi lwaseIndiya. Ngo-2019, iqala ngo-Agasti 23 kwaye iphele ngo-Okthobha 23.
Iinyanga ezimbini zika-Ashwin noKartik zobuHindu ziyawa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Lixesha lomnyhadala eIndiya, kunye neminyhadala emikhulu yamaHindu eyenzekayo, kubandakanya iNavaratri, iVijayadashami kunye neSharad Purnima.
I-equinox yasekwindla, ebonisa ukuqala kokuwa kwiNtlabathi yeNtlabathi kunye nentwasahlobo kwi-Hemisphere esemaZantsi, yenzeka embindini weSharad Ritu. Ngalo mhla, imini nobusuku zihlala ngokulinganayo ngexesha elifanayo. Kwinkwenkwezi yeVedic, ikwindla equinox ibizwa ngokuba nguSharad Vishuva okanye uSharad Sampat.
IHemant Ritu: ngaphambi kobusika
Ixesha ngaphambi kobusika libizwa ngokuba yiHemant Ritu. Elona xesha lelona xesha limnandi eIndiya, xa kufikwa kwisimo sezulu. Ngo-2019, ixesha liqala ngo-Oktobha 23 kwaye liphela ngoDisemba 21.
Iinyanga ezimbini zamaHindu zika-Agrahayana kunye noPausha, okanye u-Agahan kunye noPo, ziyawa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Lixesha leminye imithendeleko ebaluleke kakhulu yamaHindu, kubandakanya iDiwali, umthendeleko wezibane, uBhai Dooj kunye nothotho lwemibhiyozo yonyaka omtsha.
IHemant Ritu iphela kwi-solstice, ephawula ukuqala kobusika eIndiya nakwezinye iNyakatho yeNtlabathi. Lusuku olufutshane kakhulu enyakeni. Kwienkwenkwezi zeVedic, le solstice yaziwa ngokuba yi Uttarayana.
UShishir Ritu: ebusika
Iinyanga ezibandayo zonyaka zenzeka ebusika, ezaziwa njengeShita Ritu okanye iShishir Ritu. Ngo-2019, ixesha liqala ngoDisemba 21 kwaye liphela ngoFebruwari 18.
Iinyanga ezimbini zamaHindu zikaMagha noPhalguna ziyawa ngeli xesha lonyaka. Lixesha leminyhadala ebalulekileyo yokuvuna, kubandakanya uLohri, iPongal, Makar Sankranti, kunye nomthendeleko wamaHindu weShivratri.
UShishir Ritu uqala nge-solstice, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Uttarayana kwiVedic astrology. KwiNyakatho yeNtlabathi, equka i-Indiya, i-solstice ibonisa ukuqala kobusika. Kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi, kusekuqaleni kwehlobo.