Ubomi babaNgcwele: abaCyril uCyril noMethodius
Abangcwele uCyril, Monki kunye noMethodius, ubhishophu
827-869; 815-884
Ngomhla we-14 kuFebruwari-Isikhumbuzo (Isikhumbuzo esikhethiweyo ukuba ngaba usuku lweLentente)
Umbala we-Litological: Mhlophe (uPinki ukuba ngomhla we-Lent)
Ii-Co-Patrons zaseYurophu nabapostile bamaSlavs
Abavelisi ababini baseYurophu babhengeza idangatye eliqhubekayo lobuKhrestu eMpuma
Oonobumba besiCyrillic abasetyenziswa ngamakhulu ezigidi zabantu baseMpuma Yurophu, iiBalkan neRussia, babizwa ngegama lanamhlanje elinguCyrillic. Ubungqina obuninzi bunokubekwa phambili ukuba kutheni umntu othile ebaluleke ngokwembali. Bumbalwa ubungqina, nangona kunjalo, obunokubhanqa unobumba ogama emva kwakho. Umsebenzi wevangeli kaCyril noMethodius wawugqithisile, uhleli ixesha elide kwaye ugcinwe ngokwenkcubeko kangangokuba aba bazalwana babekwa kwinqanaba lokuqala labona bathunywa beCawa bakhulu. Benza igxalaba namahlakani anjengoPatrick, uAugustine waseCanterbury, uBoniface, u-Ansgar nabanye, amazwe abhaptiziweyo, ahlanganisa imikhosi evela emahlathini, imithetho eneekhowudi, agqithisa amagama, aza aqokelela iinzame zobuhedeni zokumnqula ngokufihlakeleyo oThixo omnye ngexesha ubunzima.
UCyril wabhaptizwa njengoConstantine kwaye wayesaziwa ngelo gama kwade kwaba kamva ebomini bakhe. Yena noMethodius bavela eThessaloniki emantla eGrisi apho babethetha nje ngesiGrike kodwa nangesiSlavic, kwayeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kulwimi ekuhambeni kwabo emva kwabafundisi. UCyril noMethodius bafumana imfundo esemagqabini ebutsheni babo, kwaye njengoko bekhula, bafumana izabelo zemfundo ezibalulekileyo, ezenkolo kunye nezopolitiko ngexesha apho ezo zifundo zazitolokiswa ngentambo eqinileyo. Abantu, urhulumente kunye neCawe babengengomntu wonke. UCyril noMethodius basebenze kwinkundla yasebukhosini, ekuphela kwecawa eyinyani kunye nelizwe labo njengabafundisi, iirhuluneli, ababhinqisi, amadikoni, ababingeleli kunye noobhishophu.
Ngexesha elithile emva kwe-860 abazalwana bathunyelwa ngumlawuli eConstantinople ukuba bakhokele iqela labathunywa bevangeli elalibanjelwe eMoravia, kwiRiphabhliki yaseCzech namhlanje.Bangena ngqo kwiwebhu ebanzi yezopolitiko, inkolo, ulwimi kunye nolwimi. IMpuma kunye neCentral Europe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. ICawa yaseRoma ivumele iilwimi ezintathu kuphela ukuba zisetyenziswe kwimibhalo yayo esisiseko kunye nesibhalo-isiHebhere, isiGrike kunye nesiLatin - iilwimi ezintathu ezikrolwe ngaphezulu kwentloko ka-Kristu emnqamlezweni. Icawe yaseMpuma, esemthethweni phantsi kweRoma, kodwa eye yaziphelisa ngokwenkcubeko kwindlela yayo yokuma kweenkulungwane, yayingumfanekiso-ngqondweni wabantu apho kwasetyenziswa ulwimi lwasekhaya kulwimi. Iilwimi zisoloko zithethwa kwakude kudala ngaphambi kokuba zibhalwe, kwaye iMoravian Spoken Slavonic yayinezandi ezizodwa ezazifuna ukuba oonobumba abatsha babhale oonobumba abatsha. UCyril wayila oonobumba abatsha, emva koko yena noMethodius baguqulela iSibhalo, iincwadi ezahlukeneyo zokufundisa, kunye neMass kwi-Slavic ebhaliweyo. Oku kukhokelele kwixinzelelo elinzulu.
Ababhishophu abasandul 'ukuba ngamaKristu baseJamani babelumkele abavangeli basemazweni ababesuka eGrisi, bathetha amaSlavs kwaye babhiyozela iimfihlakalo ezingcwele ngendlela ephantse yafika yaseByzantine. IMoravia kunye nelizwe elikhulu lamaSlavic zaziphantsi kolawulo lweecawa zaseJamani, hayi amaGrike. Umntu angayithetha njani iMisa ngesiSlavic okanye iiVangeli eziguqulelwe kulwimi olutsha? Ngaba unokwenza njani ukuba i-Byzantine Liturgy ihlale kunye ne-Latin siko? UCyril noMethodius baya eRoma ukuya kucombulula ezi ngxaki zahlukeneyo noPopu kunye nabacebisi bakhe.
Abazalwana baphathwa ngentlonelo eRoma njengabafundisi nabafundisi abangamagorha. UCirillo wasweleka wangcwatyelwa kwisiXeko esiNaphakade. UMethodius ubuyela kumhlaba wamaSlavs kunye neengxabano zabefundisi baseJamani kunye neenkosana. Wayiguqulela phantse yonke iBhayibhile kwi-Slavonic, waqokelela icawa yase-Byzantine kunye nomgaqo womthetho waseburhulumenteni, kwaye wazinza ngokuqinileyo, ngemvume yopopu, ukusetyenziswa kweSlavic elulwimini. Emva kokubhubha kukaMethodius, nangona kunjalo, iimpembelelo zenkolo yaseJamani neyaseLatin ziqhubeka. Isiko laseByzantine, ukusetyenziswa kweSlavic elunqulweni kunye nonobumba besiCyrillic bonke banyanzeliswa ukusuka kumbindi ukuya kwiMpuma Yurophu, ngakumbi iBulgaria, emva nje kokubhubha kwakhe. Ngelixa babehlala behlonitshwa eMpuma, umthendeleko wabaNgcwele uCyril noMethodius wandiswa waya kwiCawa yamaKatolika kuphela ngo-1880. UPapa St. John Paul II wanyula abaNgcwele uCyril noMethodius Patrons baseYurophu. Ilifa labo elikhulu likhuthaza amaphaphu amabini eCawa, empuma nasentshona, ukuba aphefumle nangakumbi ioksijini eyityetyisiweyo yesiko lamaKristu liphela.
Saints uCyril noMethodius, nizilungiselele ngenkalipho nangokuzinikela kwinkonzo kuKristu nakwiCawe yakhe kwiminyaka emininzi yokulungiselela kwaye, xa ixesha selifikile, nikhonze ngobuqhawe. Singalungiselela kwaye sikhonze ngale ndlela, de singabi sakwazi ukukhonza.